More about PostScript than you may wish to know

When you create a page in QuarkXPress or PageMaker, you are interfacing with the program as displayed on the screen. Underlying what you see is what you get, and that is PostScript code. When you click Print, it is the PostScript code that is sent to the printer or imagesetter. You can even save the PostScript file to disk and read it. Here is some PostScript code. First, header information is output:

%!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Title: PDF intro %%Creator: QuarkXPress 3.33 %%CreationDate: Tuesday, November 27, 2000 %%Pages: (atend) %%BoundingBox: ? ? ? ? %%PageBoundingBox: 30 31 582 761 %%For: Onamor Knarf %%DocumentProcSets: "(AppleDict md)" 71 0 %% © Copyright Apple Computer, Inc. 1989-92 All Rights Reserved. %%EndComments %%BeginProcSet: "(AppleDict md)" 71 0

In this case, the system sets up some shortcuts to reduce the verbose PostScript program commands to shorter versions, e.g., the command "moveto" becomes "/m".

/m/moveto load def /rm/rmoveto load def /l/lineto load def /rl/rlineto load def /np/newpath load def /cp/closepath load def

Then, font data is loaded (this is just a snippet):

373A767D4B7FD94FE5903B7014B1B8D3BED02632C855D56F458B118ACF3AF73FC4EF5E81F5749 042B5F9CF1016D093B75F250B7D8280B2EACE05A37037F7BDF6E12226D7D4E2DF2C52FAFD5F D40FE72A0D3AC4BD485D8369D4C87636E920D1DAF222D92155A9CB1667E715F0B82799B37CC8 F5B32B74B39CF494536DC39C7EF04A7BCB29E2CEC79073CADCCFB23B4AA1363F8

Every character in the fonts is defined:

/Adieresis/Aring/Ccedilla/Eacute/Ntilde/Odieresis/Udieresis/aacute/agrave/acircumflex/adieresis/atilde/aring /ccedilla/eacute/egrave/ecircumflex/edieresis/iacute/igrave/icircumflex/idieresis/ntilde/oacute/ograve/ocircumflex/ odieresis/otilde/uacute/ugrave/ucircumflex/udieresis/dagger/degree/cent/sterling/section/bullet/par agraph/germandbls/registered/copyright

Both PostScript and PDF use a notation known as "postfix." That is where the name PostScript came from. Postfix is an old mathematical notation, sometimes called reverse "Polish" notation. The "action" indicator, usually called the "operator," comes at the right-hand end of the expression (that is, after the variables) and complex expressions can be written without the use of parentheses. There is also a notation known as "prefix" notation, where the operator comes first. Normal notation (e.g., a + b) is called "infix" notation because the operator is between or within the expression. /z/setmatrix load def /t/translate load def /S/scale load def /g/gsave load def /G/grestore load def /H/setgray load def Chapter 2 PostScript 5/5/00 12:52 PM Page 36 2 It All Started with PostScript 37

Then the position and copy are set: The default measurement system in both PostScript and PDF is in units of 1/72 of an inch. The starting point is in the lower-left corner of the page or drawing area. An 8.5x11" inch page is 612 units horizontally and 792 units vertically-- just like graph paper. PDF objects are a construct that the PostScript Language does not have. The ability to randomly access portions of a PDF document and the page independence of PDF pages are based on the object structuring of PDF.

Color space resources are often called color "profiles." This terminology has been promoted by the International Color Consortium or ICC. The color-space resources in PDF and PostScript serve the same function and are roughly equivalent to ICC profiles. They aren't literally the same but contain the same or equivalent information. It is easy to convert from a PDF color space resource to an ICC profile and the other way as well. Most color management systems consider color spaces as being derived from and belonging to color devices. The material in this PDF file is associated with two devices, one L*a*b* and one an RGB device. Most color-management discussion and color-management software consider a whole job to be in one color space. This is a mistake that Adobe PostScript and PDF do not make. Any material in either language can be specified with respect to any color space. The objects can refer or point to one another to form complex relationships and data structures. Streams of arbitrary unstructured data can be defined. The cross-reference table that occurs at the end of the PDF file allows programs to read selected objects out of the file at arbitrary positions. The objects don't have be in any particular order or place within the file. The cross-reference table determines where each object has ended up in the file. This notation is powerful enough to represent many other kinds of structured data beside a PDF document. In fact, Adobe has begun to use the notation for at least two other purposes: one for FDF files to hold the field name, field value pairs that result from filling in an Acrobat Form, and the second which is the PJTF or Portable Job Ticket Format used to control the workflow and post-processing. PDF files require that they have a /Root that points to a /Catalog that points to a /Pages object that points to the documents pages. Not all uses of this notation should have to follow those document rules. In fact, both the FDF and the PJTF do not. So to be perfectly logical, each of PDF, FDF, and PJTF are using a notation and specializing it for their particular needs. Dr. Jim King has coined the term SDF or Structured Data Format for the general use of this notation and reserve PDF for the specialization having to do with representing documents in this particular way. Thus, this diagram.

43 533.53 m 3.02 -.18 2 19.3 (RIP)d 67.39 h 3.02 -.18 23 101.5 (is just a little bit dif)d 179.48 h 3.02 -.18 2 14.48 (fer)d 193.2 h 3.02 -.18 11 67.38 (ent. Many ar)d 264.25 h (e)M 43 548.16 m 1.55 -.18 8 50.33 (based on )d 266.01 h (-)M 43 562.79 m 0 -.18 12 65.04 (tional featur)d 105.49 h 0 -.18 14 81.86 (es, and some ar)d 184.43 h 0 -.18 16 88.46 (e legally derived)d 43 577.42 m 2.59 -.18 1 8.73 (fr)d

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News with a View - Technology Videos

A picture equals thousand words and a moving picture equals thousand pictures - such is the power of video.

Small wonder that technology videos, a more recent manner of disseminating technology news, are a popular marketing tool of most companies selling gadgetry and/or technologies. Then there is the deteriorating attention span of readers/viewers - another factor that makes videos a more attractive marketing option. Who wants to plod through the yellow pages or through small print technology news? Who wants a fact file in a droning monotone, accompanied by still shots of the product in a powerpoint presentation? Avail, instead, the instant information provided by a technology video.

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Technology news can be pretty dry and incomprehensible if served in the conventional manner. Packing in all the features of a product in the limited space often does not do justice to the product. It can be a daunting task for the page creator and equally so for the reader. It puts him off before he reaches the bottom of the page, whereas a lively video will have you wanting to see more. Moreover, it is difficult for the prospective buyer to translate, say, Intel XXXX into what he will actually get in terms of everyday operations. A video offers a clear picture, literally.

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Two Additional Uses for Your Cell Phone

Remember what it was like the last time you got a call at work that your kids were locked out of the house? Remember the last time you and the family were miles from home and you couldn't remember whether you locked your doors?

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You can be miles from home and in 3 simple steps open your cell phone, login to your personal home security site, and click to lock your doors. Okay, so maybe you actually did lock up. How cool would it be to trust and verify right from your car while you're driving. Let's face it, this isn't the let's leave our doors unlocked 1950's anymore. How many of us even know and talk to our neighbors these days? We IM or email people a world away on another continent, but we can't be sure that the strange guy down the street isn't scoping out the house looking for a chance to get in and take something.

What's really slick, is that these locks can be programmed to send you a text message or email to your phone letting you know your kids have arrived home and are safe. How many times have you been in a meeting when you couldn't get away to call your son or daughter to be sure they made it in safely. Should anyone ask during the meeting what you're doing, go ahead and tell them. They'll likely stop the meeting and ask you where you got that new, cool gadget!

Wife Suspects Her Husband Of Cheating

A wife suspects her husband of cheating on her. She sneaks a peek at his cell phone bill only to discover way to many calls to the same darn number. When ever she tries to use one of the free reverse lookup services to determine who owns the world this numbe belongs to, she gets no where, because all of the calls are being made to a cell phone.

What should she do? To find out exactly what's going on! Maybe she could do nothing at all. But of course, that doesn't help her solve this type of problem - that nagging, "unknown" feeling about whether her husband is being faithful.

Landline vs. Cellphone Numbers

Unlike landline numbers, cell phone numbers are not freely available to the public, so gathering them into a directory or database isn't easy. In fact, any site that promises a free way to search cell phone number directories is probably not really legitimate.

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Developing World

In many regions of the world where grid power is nonexistent and costly diesel and/or gasoline driven generators are rare, solar power presents a realistic, immediate, sustainable, and cost effective power source. Solar electricity systems designed by and/or purchased from Innovative Solar Solutions (ISS) are currently being used to provide: • solar water pumping solutions for villages, livestock and agriculture; • refrigeration for health and medical clinics to preserve medicines and vaccines; • power for rural schools so students can utilize computers and other electronic devices; and • electricity to operate telecommunications systems and repeater towers.

Innovative Solar Solutions is an experienced leader in the design, distribution, and deployment of solar electric products, systems, and services for commercial, residential, and developing world applications. We have provided cost-effective solar electricity, solar water pumping, and solar refrigeration systems to customers throughout the world (see examples below). For more information about our products and services, please call us at (704) 583-0016 or toll free (866) 856-9819. Examples of recent ISS International Projects: Environmental Foundation for Africa (EFA): Provided the equipment (PV panels, inverters, batteries, refrigerators, etc.) necessary to provide solar generated electricity at 12 locations in Liberia and Sierra Leone, including 5 medical clinics, schools, and research facilities. Solar energy is providing fully functioning electrical systems that power vaccine refrigerators, lighting, communications, and with the use of the inverters, AC outlets that enable the use of computers and other electrical equipment and appliances. The projects, funded by UNHCR, UNICEF, and Irish Aide, also include a training component so that local community members can install and maintain the solar systems. For a more detailed description of this Solar Initiative, review pages 14-17 of the EFA Annual Report. New Hope Uganda: Designed and provided all of the equipment for a 4 kilowatt solar PV system to provide power to a communications tower for an orphanage in Uganda. The system is providing power for computers and internet access for the children in the orphanage. System included 24 Sharp 170W panels, Outback Inverter and Charge Controllers, 32 Deka AGM 12V batteries, and two mounting racks for 12 panels each. US Military - Afghanistan Clinic: Designed and supplied all equipment for a 4KW uninterruptible power supply system to provide power for critical needs for medical clinic. System included 2KW of Sharp solar modules, 3 battery banks and enclosures, assembly of all equipment and racking.

ELCA Global Mission: Worked closely with mission engineer to design a system for solar water pumping, and solar powered system for office at facility in Central African Republic. Major system components included Grundfos submersible pump, Exeltech Inverter, and Morningstar charge controller.

Ricks Institute of Liberia: Designed and supplied two solar powered water pumping systems to provide clean water for a school in Liberia. System included 12 Sharp 170W panels, and 2 Grundfos SQ Flex submersible pumps with generator interface and float switches.

Solar Water Pumps

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